Little Shop of Horrors (2021 film)

Little Shop of Horrors is a 2021 musical horror film directed by Greg Berlanti, based on the musical comedy of the same name written by Howard Ashman with music by Alan Menken, which in turn was based on the 1960 film The Little Shop of Horrors, directed by Roger Corman. The film stars Josh Gad, Idina Menzel, J.K. Simmons, Jim Carrey, and Mark Hamill as the voice of Audrey II, with Destiny's Child as the three urchins and cameo appearances from Jack Black, Bill Hader, Neil Patrick Harris, Alan Tudyk, Ellen Greene and others.

Like other adaptations of the play, the film follows Seymour Krelborn (Gad), a passive, nerdy man working for a florist shop owned by Mr. Mushnik (Simmons), who becomes a celebrity on the filthy town of Skid Row when he discovers a strange flytrap-like plant lovingly dubbed "Audrey II". Unfortunately for Seymour (and all of mankind), this plant needs human blood to grow, and when it begins to demand more blood than one man can give, poor Seymour is forced to commit murder. Meanwhile, Seymour's secret crush, Audrey (Menzel), is in an abusive relationship with sadistic dentist Orin Scrivello (D.D.S.) (Carrey), and while Seymour's meek demeanor prevents any dominate action on his part, all it takes is a little push from the plant and Seymour serves revenge in a dish best served bloody.

The most notable difference between this film and other adaptations of the play is the downplaying of its comedic elements and a larger emphasis on genuine horror. For example, the song "Now (It's Just the Gas)" is removed from the film (although the song was included on the film's soundtrack album, released two days after it opened in theaters, as performed by Josh Gad as Seymour and Jim Carrey as Orin Scrivello; "Ya Never Know", another song cut from the film, is also included on the album) and the scene where Orin suffocates to death from his laughing gas is replaced with Seymour becoming so incensed over Orin insulting Audrey that he grabs a chainsaw (which he found in the tool shed behind Mr. Mushnik's florist shop) and goes straight-up Leatherface on the screaming dentist (off-screen, of course) before feeding his bloody remains to Audrey II, justifying the crime to Mr. Mushnik as being for Audrey's sake. This was to make Seymour less sympathetic than most portrayals for actively committing murder, and thus making his consumption by Audrey II near the end all the more well-deserved. Some of the dialogue and song lyrics are rewritten (for example, "He knows your life of crime" from "Suppertime" to "He knows about your crime"), Seymour omits "...and so am I!" when referring to Audrey II as a monster during the climax, and a sequence is added during Patrick Martin's appearance where Seymour flashes back to the events of the film, realizing in horror that the plant had a plan to take over the world, and that he had helped it grow in power. Unlike the theatrical version of the 1986 film, the movie ends with the song "Don't Feed the Plants", as in the stage version, where Audrey II succeeds in conquering the world.

The film was produced by Warner Bros. Pictures and released in the United States on September 21, 2021, and shot on-location at the Bowery, known as New York's Skid Row, to accurately depict the Skid Row featured in the show. Scenes taking place inside the florist shop, as well as the "Somewhere That's Green", "The Meek Shall Inherit" and "Don't Feed the Plants" sequences, were filmed on the soundstages of Warner Bros. Studios in Burbank, California. The film received mixed reviews, with the direction, acting (particularly the performances of Gad, Menzel, Simmons, Carrey and Hamill), songs, special effects, and overall presentation praised, with criticism directed at the lack of comedic aspects usually found in the show, and at Seymour's change in characterization starting from the end of the first act; most critics argued that Seymour is not supposed to be an intentional killer. The film cost around $200 million to make and received an R rating from the Motion Pictures Association of America for scenes with graphic violence and mild language. The film was released on DVD, Blu-ray and 4K Blu-ray on January 14, 2022, with bonus features including a sing-along option, interviews with the cast and crew, the making-of documentary "Feed Me!: The Making of Little Shop of Horrors", and five shorts depicting the creation and execution of Little Shop's special effects ("Moving the Plant" features footage of Audrey II's puppeteers at work, "The Dentist Meets His End" sees how Seymour killing Orin was pulled off, "From Mushnik to Mush" explains how the crew simulated Mr. Mushnik's head being bitten off by the plant, "The Final Battle" shows the workings of the climactic battle between Seymour and Audrey II, and "Taking Over the World" details the making of the "Don't Feed the Plants" ending number).

Eight Audrey IIs, all of varying sizes, were built for this film by Jim Henson's Creature Shop (the Los Angeles shop designing the animatronics, and the New York shop handling the puppet construction and fabrication), based on puppet designs for the original musical by Martin P. Robinson. Robinson was directly involved with the creation of the puppets, overseeing the building process and even serving as principal performer for Audrey II, leading a team of 12 of his fellow puppeteers from the Jim Henson Company (he also coordinated the puppeteers' performances, served as a creative consultant, performed plant 1, worked the crane lifting the head of plant 8, and performed the lead plant in "Don't Feed the Plants"). To ensure that no jealousy or conflict occurred between them, each performer took turns operating the mouth, while the others controlled the tongue, vines, and leaves. For example, Robinson was lead plant performer for the song "Grow for Me", Karen Prell performed the plant's mouth during "Feed Me", David Rudman lip-synced to "Suppertime", Joey Mazzarino performed the mouth in the "Suppertime" reprise, and Kevin Clash was head puppeteer in the climax. The "Don't Feed the Plants" number featured three puppets of the plant at its largest size, all reused for several shots to illustrate the idea of a large plant army taking over Earth, with the main performers controlling the mouth of each plant, swapping puppeteers from shot to shot.

Plot
The movie begins with the current Warner Bros. logo. The logo disappears and, after the daytime sky turns to night, we zoom through outer space until we reach the solar system. However, Earth is completely missing, replaced with a wide, smoky gap between Venus and Mars. Narration is heard throughout:

"On the twenty-first day of the month of September, in an early year of a decade not long before our own, the human race suddenly encountered a deadly threat to its very existence. And this terrifying enemy surfaced, as such enemies often do, in the seemingly most innocent and unlikely of places..."

The scene changes to a shot of a florist shop with the words "Little Shop of Horrors" printed on the front door. Three street urchins (Crystal, Ronette, and Chiffon) introduce the film, as they tell of forthcoming horror ("Prologue/Little Shop of Horrors"), much to the disbelief of everyone they encounter. We are introduced to Seymour Krelborn, a pathetic orphan living in a gritty New York neighborhood called "Skid Row", and Audrey, a beautiful but meek woman with a tacky fashion sense and no self-worth. Both desperately wish to escape the city, but can't because they're poor and down on their luck ("Skid Row (Downtown)"). They work at the florist shop, run and owned by the grumpy but well-meaning Mr. Mushnik, one that's run-down and on the verge of bankruptcy. Seymour has recently bought a new, weird-looking plant, but doesn't know what it needs to grow. Suddenly, a man stops by the store and notices the plant, asking Seymour where he got it. Seymour reveals ("Da-Doo") that he was walking by a florist shop run by a Chinese man the other day, when an eclipse of the sun occurred. As it did, a new plant suddenly materialized in the shop, and while even the Chinese man had no idea where it came from, he offered to sell it to Seymour for a cheap price. Seymour, who has a secret crush on Audrey, names the plant after her: "Audrey II".

In his bedroom underneath the shop, after Mushnik gives him a week to nurse the plant back to health, Seymour laments to a dying Audrey II that he has tried numerous ways to make it grow, all to no avail, and wonders aloud what the plant needs ("Grow for Me"). During the song, while filing Mushnik's taxes, Seymour gets a paper cut and his finger bleeds. This attracts Audrey II's appetite, and Seymour realizes that's what the plant needs to grow; he reluctantly agrees to feed it a few drops of blood (though he admits having a bad feeling about it). Sure enough, once Seymour exits the room, Audrey II does indeed grow. The plant soon becomes a popular tourist attraction on Skid Row, revitalizing Mushnik's business and making Seymour the hottest celebrity in town, much to Mushnik's pure delight. Meanwhile, Audrey returns with a black eye and her arm in a sling, and despite concern from Ms. Geffen, her neighbor, she is too afraid to leave her abusive boyfriend. That said, Audrey does have feelings for Seymour, and secretly wishes to live a modest life in the suburbs and start a family with him ("Somewhere That's Green"). Unfortunately, her lack of self-esteem prevents her from believing she even deserves this lifestyle.

Meanwhile, Mushnik decides to renovate the shop using all the money they've made from Audrey II being displayed in the window, and asks Seymour to help him. Audrey arrives late again, her injuries still remaining. Mushnik angrily demands to know who she's been dating, and in the next scene, we get the answer: Orin Scrivello, a shameless sadist who rides around on a Harley, gets off on bringing pain and suffering to those around him, and has a job as a dentist ("Dentist!"). His mere presence intimidates anyone who sees him, including Seymour, who calls him "a disgrace to the oral care industry. And the motorcycle industry." Orin, while respectful of Audrey II's success, tells Seymour to take the plant and get out of Skid Row, explaining that Seymour could "go big on Wall Street" with a plant like Audrey II. Mushnik then realizes that the plant (and Seymour) is the sole reason why his shop has been doing good business, and offers to adopt him as his "son" and have him as his business partner. Seymour happily accepts ("Mushnik and Son").

Alone in the shop, Seymour reflects on his newfound fame, and thanks the plant for helping him achieve local recognition ("Sudden Changes"). As he leaves for a bite to eat, however, the plant starts dying again, and as Seymour tells it that he needs to heal his finger, he hears cries of, "Feed me!" Audrey II reveals itself to be able to talk, refusing Seymour's offer of chopped sirloin and insisting it must be fed blood. The plant promises Seymour everything he's ever dreamed of, including fame, fortune, and Audrey, the girl he loves, if he continues to feed it ("Feed Me (Git It)"). Throughout the song, Audrey II plays genie and transports Seymour to the driver's seat of a 1960s' Cadillac (with the plant in the passenger's seat), the set of Tonight Starring Jack Paar (using archive footage of said show with Seymour and Audrey II, both black-and-white, inserted into the shot), a diner table seated next to Hedy Lamarr (a digital recreation of the late actress), a fancy restaurant (filmed at Sardi's in Manhattan), and an actual bedroom at New York's Ritz-Carlton Hotel. Shots are also filmed of Audrey II as a genie (similar in design to the Disney character) and a stereotypical African slave (with Seymour dressed as Aladdin and a slave owner, respectively); Seymour dressed as King Tut (identical to Steve Martin's SNL costume) with Audrey II as his subject, and Seymour dressed similarly to Orin Scrivello and riding a Harley (with Audrey II as his passenger). Seymour, though tempted by these offers, refuses, afraid that he may have to start killing people and feeding them to the plant to keep it alive, and showing clear disgust at the notion that anyone could deserve such a fate, as the plant claims. Audrey II directs his attention to Orin, who continues to berate and abuse Audrey outside. Inside Audrey's apartment, Orin attempts to rape her and smothers her cries for help. This is the last straw for a now incensed and vengeful Seymour, who declares, his voice filled with raw rage, that the dentist has more than enough blood to feed the plant, encouraged by the ravenous Audrey II, its voice displaying complete disgust by what it's just seen.

After Orin finishes with a masochistic patient named Arthur Denton, who wishes for "a long, slow root canal", Seymour barges through the door, armed with a chainsaw. This terrifies Orin, who tries to reason with Seymour and demands he drop the tool, and even promises to quit his job and leave Skid Row, never to return. Seymour contemplates letting Orin live, until the misogynistic dentist calls Audrey "a pathetic slut with a lotta ass but no balls." This insult pushes Seymour over the edge, as he grinds the dentist into chunks as he screams for mercy. Outside, Ms. Geffen witnesses Seymour committing the murder and runs off to phone the police. Soon after, Seymour drags the pieces of Orin's body outside, leaving a heavy trail of blood, and into Mushnik's, where Audrey II happily consumes its meal. Desperate to cover up the murder, Seymour disposes Orin's dentist uniform into an oncoming garbage truck, cleans the floors of both the flower shop and the dentist's office, and washes his hands of any blood stains. However, he forgets to clean the blood off the chainsaw.

The next morning, Seymour wakes up to find the police at Audrey's house, asking her about the dentist's disappearance; they suspect that "foul play" was involved. Audrey confesses to Seymour that while she's happy that Orin is finally gone, she also feels guilty, because deep down, she wished the day would come. When asked by Seymour why she was willing to put up with Orin, Audrey reveals she was once a stripper at a nightclub, wearing crude, tacky attires, and believes she deserves no better man than Dr. Scrivello. Seymour tries to convince Audrey to put her relationship with Orin in the past, and tells her there are nicer guys willing to do anything to please a girl like Audrey, subtly revealing his own feelings for her ("Suddenly, Seymour"). At the end of the song, Seymour and Audrey share a passionate kiss.

The two say goodbye and Seymour returns to the shop to take a nap in his room. Suddenly, Mr. Mushnik emerges from the shadows, unintentionally scaring Seymour, and reveals that Ms. Geffen, a frequent customer at the shop, had told him what had happened. While Mushnik refused to believe it at first, he started noticing something was up when he discovered the trail of blood connecting from the dentist's office to his shop, followed by splatters of blood on his chainsaw. Mr. Mushnik exasperatedly asks Seymour how he could do such a thing, and Seymour tries to justify his actions as being for the sake of Audrey. This causes Mr. Mushnik to suspect that his crush on Audrey was his motivation for the crime, and prepares to turn him in to the police. All the while, Audrey II's voice appears in Seymour's head, telling him he must get rid of Mushnik now, or else he will lose Audrey's affections and his new reputation will be ruined ("Suppertime"). Mushnik tells Seymour that while it hurts him to turn Seymour in, he insists it's best that Seymour go to prison before he can kill again. Seymour, in turn, claims that ever since he found Audrey II, he's come to the realization that there are a lot of people in the world, including Dr. Scrivello, deserving of death. Mushnik lambasts this as a horrible sentiment, to which Seymour, echoing the plant, bitterly remarks "But it's true, isn't it?" Before Seymour exits, Mushnik asks what he did with the rest of the murder evidence. Seymour claims he hid them inside the plant, and leaves the shop as Mushnik looks down Audrey II's gaping trap. The plant suddenly bites Mushnik's head off before using its tongue to force him down its throat, chomping all the while. As he's eaten alive, Mushnik angrily screams, "Seymour Krelborn! You son of a--!" before being swallowed whole.

Outside, Seymour is greeted by journalists, salesmen, businessmen, network executives, talent agents, television producers, financial investors, magazine publishers, news reporters and photographers, all promising Seymour TV appearances, magazine photo ops, lecture tours, and even more fame and fortune ("The Meek Shall Inherit"). In a dream sequence, Seymour, at first, is interested in their offers (even hoping he'll become richer by keeping the plant around), but then tries to talk himself out of it, realizing that if he gave in and signed their contracts, he'd have to "keep on doing all these bloody, awful things" to preserve the plant, and begins to have nightmares about himself turning into Audrey II. Seymour initially decides to destroy Audrey II for good, activating up a cigar lighter as if to incinerate the plant, but then worries that if he did so and became broke and unemployed again, without the plant, Audrey may not love him anymore (symbolized by Audrey running through Seymour as if he were a ghost, hugging the plant instead of him). Against his own will, but feeling he has no other choice, Seymour begins signing contracts left and right as he agrees to publicize and monetize his plant, effectively selling his soul to the Devil.

As Seymour begins writing a script for a lecture tour, Audrey II (which now barely fits inside the florist shop) begins squawking for more blood. An annoyed Seymour tells the plant, which complains about not being fed since eating Mr. Mushnik the week prior, to wait a few more days until Time magazine arrives to interview him tomorrow, then, in his words, the plant will "never go hungry again." Audrey walks in on Seymour rambling about Audrey II, and smacks him back to his senses, then asks when Mr. Mushnik will return from "visiting his long-lost stepdaughter in Cincinnati." Seymour asks Audrey if she would still love him even if he had never bought Audrey II to begin with, to which Audrey reassures that she'd love Seymour no matter what. Smiling on the outside but depressed inside, Seymour promises Audrey that they'll soon be out of Skid Row and into the house and lifestyle she's always dreamed of, before asking her politely to leave the shop so he can pull himself together. Audrey obliges and runs off into the night. All alone in the shop now, Seymour tells himself that he's decided that once Time takes a photo of him and Audrey II, he will destroy the plant.

Audrey II resumes demanding blood. Just about had it with the "vegetable", Seymour offers to pick up "a nice medium rare" for it to eat. The plant refuses, insisting once again it must be fed blood, but after finding out that it's Seymour's last offer, it bitterly answers "It better be fresh." Seymour runs off, but not before telling the plant not to even think about dessert. After he leaves, the plant whispers sinisterly, "I know I'm getting dessert!" Worried about Seymour, Audrey returns to the shop, only to find him gone. As she continues to search, the voice of Audrey II appears in her head ("Suppertime (Reprise)"). As she follows the voice, she discovers the plant in its default position, with only its voice and moving trap providing clues to her as to its sentience. Audrey II tells an overwhelmed Audrey to water it quickly, as its "branches" are beginning to "dry up". However, this is all a ruse, for as Audrey returns with a watering can, the plant reveals its full sentience and prepares to eat her, even revealing to her with twisted glee that Mr. Mushnik and Orin are "right inside!" Seymour returns to find Audrey in the plant's trap, and forcefully pulls her out. But the damage is done: Audrey has lost most of her blood from the experience, and she knows she'll die soon. As her dying wish, Audrey asks Seymour to feed her to the plant, happy that "finally, [she]'ll be somewhere that's green." ("Somewhere That's Green (Reprise)") Reluctant to feed Audrey to the plant, but respecting her wish, he slowly walks into the store, and Audrey II slowly lowers its jaw as Seymour gently places her body in the plant and sadly watches her devoured. After this, Audrey II lowers its head and sniffles while shedding a "tear".

Seymour grabs a shotgun from the back of the shop and steps outside, prepared to commit public suicide. He pulls the trigger, only to find the weapon jammed. World Botanical Enterprises representative Patrick Martin approaches the despondent Seymour, who tells Martin to go away and leave him alone. The determined Martin tells Seymour that he has a business proposal for him; WBE has sent Martin to ask for Seymour's permission to sell miniature Audrey IIs, made from leaf cuttings of Seymour's plant, in stores across America. The horrified Seymour flashes back to the events of the film as Martin continues his sales pitch in the background, confident that all American households will soon own an Audrey II, and that they can even sell the cuttings all over the world (Martin specifically mentions England, Mexico, Germany, France, Japan, China, and the USSR), ensuring that with proper advertising, the plants could be "bigger than hula hoops!" Martin asks Seymour if they have a deal, and Seymour wordlessly runs away. Martin doesn't see this as a problem; since the Audrey II is now in the public domain, they can sell them no matter what.

Seymour returns to the shop, confronting the plant (which has now grown so tall that it has smashed through the roof, leaving its head and a quarter of its neck towering over the shop) about "hundreds of millions of [Audrey IIs], everywhere, eating" being its plan all along. The plant confirms its goal of world domination, and thanks Seymour for his part in the plan. Calling Audrey II "a monster" and berating it for eating "the only thing [he] ever loved", Seymour concludes that the plant must be destroyed now. He uses a machine gun, a large pack of rat poison, a butchering knife, a pickaxe, a flamethrower, and a stick of lit dynamite to off Audrey II, all with no success. Finally, a desperate Seymour whips out the chainsaw with which he killed Orin Scrivello. "You made me kill the dentist with this...and now...it's time you got your just deserts!" Very poor choice of words, for as Seymour runs into the plant's trap, it gobbles him up, then burps out the chainsaw. Patrick Martin soon returns, looking for Seymour in the shop, with no success, although he does spot the bloodied chainsaw. Still insistent that he doesn't need Seymour's help, Martin directs his co-workers to start taking leaf cuttings and loading them into their moving truck. The camera pans out to a wide shot of Skid Row as the scene fades to black.

As the credits begin to roll, we see the three urchins standing in front of a large supermarket as they, through song ("Finale (Don't Feed the Plants)"), reveal that similar plants across the United States began to attract other "unsuspecting jerks" and "sweet-talked" them into feeding them blood until they were big and powerful enough to rampage through whole cities, devouring everyone in sight. As they sing, we see an enormous crowd of shoppers stampeding into the supermarket to buy an Audrey II as if it were a Cabbage Patch Kid. The scene then switches to a movie theater, where a film entitled "It Came from Beyond the Moon" is playing; the film features the army battling a giant Audrey II as it wreaks havoc on New York City. As the words "THE END" appear on the movie screen, the urchins burst through the screen and shout "And where you live!" before enormous plant vines burst through the walls and drag several moviegoers outside to their grisly fate (while Audrey II can be heard laughing evilly outside). The scene then changes to shots of a large, cackling swarm of Audrey IIs destroying New York City, Los Angeles, Orlando, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Dallas, Atlanta, Chicago, Las Vegas; Washington, D.C., and other American cities. Eventually, we get shots of the plants destroying cities around the world, like London, Toronto, Sydney, Mexico City, Berlin, Glasgow, Paris, Dublin, Beijing, Tokyo, Moscow, Jerusalem, and Madrid. Through voice-over, Seymour, Audrey, Mr. Mushnik, and Orin warn that no matter what the plants persuade you with to be fed, you must not give in to greed and selfishness. The scene soon makes frequent cuts between wide shots of enormous Audrey IIs demolishing cities and eating helpless civilians, newscasts reporting deaths in the millions, and armies around the world being called in to battle the ever-growing Audrey IIs (the plants have now become too hardy to kill, and in wide shots, their vines and roots squash the army to death like giant monster feet). Everyday civilians also try to stop the plants with their own creative methods, including one man in Miami who uses an oversized blowtorch to try to incinerate one of the plants; that same plant later burns the whole city to a crisp by breathing out all the fire stuffed in its mouth like a dragon. Another man in Seattle later tries destroying an Audrey II by launching hundreds of nuclear missiles into its mouth; the plant later destroys the city by projecting the missiles in every direction as if it were an M60 machine gun. A woman in Philadelphia tries to subdue another Audrey II by directing a long line of tall vehicles to block its path, all with people still inside; all that happens is the plant picks up each vehicle with its jaws and crushes them into pieces (sending metal and blood flying everywhere). The cuts between the three scenes become more and more rapid until just before the final line, when the song ends with a shot of Earth combusting in a massive fireball, similar to the destruction of the Death Star in Star Wars, creating the Earthless solar system from the beginning of the film.

After this, we cut to a mid-credit scene featuring a '60s-style parody of Fox News, with an unnamed anchorman claiming that the Audrey IIs were made by President John F. Kennedy and "deep state operatives" to undermine the integrity of the Republican establishment. He is promptly eaten by an Audrey II, which then lunges at the camera, after which the rest of the credits roll. Songs during the credits include covers of "Mean Green Mother from Outer Space" (sung by Mark Hamill as Audrey II) and "Suddenly, Seymour" (sung by Mj Rodriguez as Seymour and Ellen Greene as Audrey). As "Suddenly, Seymour" ends, a special closing logo for Warner Bros. Pictures is featured: Porky Pig (voiced by Bob Bergen) appears above the WB shield and utters his trademark "Th-th-th-that's all, folks!"

Cast
Puppeteers Anthony Asbury Joseph Mazzarino Noel MacNeal Matt Vogel David Rudman Bill Barretta Tyler Bunch Eric Jacobson Karen Prell Kevin Clash Peter Linz Ryan Dillon

Additional Puppeteers Brad Abrell Drew Allison Christian Anderson Pam Arciero Heather Asch Connor Asher Grant Baciocco Gregory Ballora Billy Barkhurst Jennifer Barnhart Lawrence Basgall Erwin Jake Bayan Jake Bazel Nate Begle Tau Bennett Sarah Berman Carol Dinnean Binion Ronald Binion David Bizzaro Timothy Blaney Darren Bluestone Marcelo R. Bottaro Phoebe Bottoms Rickey Boyd Kate Brehm Lindsey "Z." Briggs Vincent Broelmann Matthew Brooks Jordan Brownlee R. Lee Bryan Lisa Buckley Julianne Buescher Melvin Campbell Andrew A. Cano Jessica Honor Carleton Kevin Carlson Raymond Carr Leslie Carrara-Rudolph Kristin Charney Brian Clark Ceili Clemens John Cody Josh Cohen Jimmica Collins R. Bruce Connelly Jeffrey Conover Frankie Cordero David Colston Corris Austin Michael Costello Melissa Creighton Stephanie D'Abruzzo Carole Simms D'Agostino Nathan Danforth Dorien Davies Alice Dinnean-Vernon Jamie Donmoyer Charlotte Anne Dore Benjamin Durocher Jodie Eichelberger Artie Esposito Peggy Etra Mary Faber David Matthew Feldman David Fino Genevieve Flati Thomas Fountain Bradley Freeman Jr. Ora Fruchter Mark Gale Aymee Garcia Cameron Garrity

Daniel Garza James Godwin Sam Jay Gold B.J. Guyer Elizabeth Hara Terri Hardin Jackson Forrest Harding Langston Hatch Zachary James Haumesser Christopher Thomas Hayes Andrew Hayward Christopher Heady Rachel Herrick Scott Hitz John Hoche Patrick Daniel Holmes Cedwan Hooks Keri Grayson Horn Morgana Ignis Jason Jacoby Haley Jenkins John Jennings Patrick Johnson Sean William Johnson Victoria Johnson Avery Lee Jones Brian Michael Jones James Kemp Vicki Kenderes-Eibner John Edward Kennedy Jonathan Kidder Kathleen Kim Donna Kimball Joseph Kovacs Mary Robinette Kowal Andy Rocco Kraft Adam Kreutinger James J. Kroupa Matthew Krygier Timothy Lagasse Frank Langley IV Bruce Lanoil Michael Latini Adrian Rose Leonard Len Levitt Jayden C. Libran Weston Chandler Long Spencer Sassaman Lott Paul Louis Muller Derek Lux Rick Lyon Lara MacLean Marta Mozelle MacRostie Amanda Maddock Brendan Malafronte David Manley Emily Marsh Jim Martin Andrew Massey Edward May Catherine McCullough Paul McGinnis Jess McKay Ted Michaels Tracie Mick Shoemaker Kathryn Molloy Daniel Montooth Kirsty Moon Alison Mork Jason Murphy James Murray Safi Nazzal

Sarah Sarang Oh Michael Oosterom Brett O'Quinn Carmen Osbahr Anney Fresh McKilligan Ozar Adam Pagdon Christopher Palmieri Christine Papalexis Michael Paul Ziegfeld Annie Peterle Marc Petrosino Fergie L. Philippe Janine Pibal Megan Piphus Peace Janine Pibal Felix Pire David Quesal Catrina Quintanilla Rachel Redleaf Amber Reeder-Vega Bill Remington Hubner Paul Rice John Riddleberger Kiera Robbins Leslie Madeline Rose Carla Rudy Paul Rugg Amy C. Rush Joseph Sabatino Keith Saltojanes Liz Sanford Nicolette Santino Michael Joseph Sare Robert Saunders Stoph Scheer Benjamin Schrader Michael Schupbach Michael Schwabe Tomas Mickiewicz Seidita Yinan Shentu Benjamin Siemon James Silson Scott Silson Michelan Sisti David Skelly Colleen Smith Jeffrey Speetjens David Stephens Kenny Stevenson James Andrew Stone John Tartaglia Allan Trautman Art Gonzalez Vega Jack Venturo Michael T. Verdi Alex Villa Amanda Villalobos Liz Vitale Russ Walko Robin Walsh Stacey Weingarten Anthony White Stephen Widerman Chad Williams Noel Williams James W. Wojtal Jr. Chase Woolner Eric Wright Matt "Lucky" Yates Victor Yerrid Michelle Zamora

Crew
Directed by Greg Berlanti

Screenplay by Matthew Robinson

Based on the Stage Musical Little Shop of Horrors
 * Original Production Written and Directed by Howard Ashman
 * Produced by the Workshop of the Players Art Foundation, Inc. (WPA Theatre), David Geffen, Cameron Mackintosh and the Shubert Organization

Musical Based on the Film The Little Shop of Horrors
 * Directed by Roger Corman
 * Written by Charles Byron Griffith

Produced by Greg Berlanti, Marc Platt, Sir Tim Rice

Executive Producer: David Geffen

Director of Photography: John Bailey

Edited by Gregory Plotkin

Original Score by Hans Zimmer

Songs from the Musical Play Little Shop of Horrors
 * Music by Alan Menken
 * Lyrics by Howard Ashman

Production Designer: Bo Welch

Costume Designer: Tom Broeker

"Audrey II" Puppets Created by Jim Henson's Creature Shop
 * Based on Original Puppet Designs by Martin P. Robinson

Additional Puppet Effects by Paul Andrejco (Puppet Heap Workshop), Michael Latini and Marc Petrosino (Monkey Boys Productions)

Special Effects Supervisors: David Alan Barclay, Rick Lazzarini, Mark Albert Rappaport

Puppeteer Performance Coordinators: Anthony Asbury, Martin P. Robinson

Creative Consultants: Roland Emmerich, Ellen Greene, Alan Menken, Martin P. Robinson

Special Thanks to: Betters Homes and Gardens Magazine, Roger Corman, Annie Evans, Edward Eyth, Connie Grappo, Jonathan Haze, Brian Henson, The Jim Henson Company, Barry James, Jackie Joseph, Cameron Mackintosh, Frank Oz, Michael Quinn, Time Magazine, Lee Wilkof, Leilani Jones Wilmore, Mak Wilson

For Jim Henson's Creature Shop
Puppet Design & Construction Supervisor: Martin P. Robinson

Creative Supervisor, New York: Jason Weber

Creative Supervisor, Los Angeles: Peter Brooke

General Manager: Constance Peterson

Senior Production Manager: Melissa Creighton

Workshop Supervisor, New York: Edward G. Christie

Workshop Supervisor, Los Angeles: Jane A. Gootnick

Puppet Animatronics Supervisor: John Criswell

Animatronics Crew: Peter Abrahamson, Tony Acosta Jr., Deborah Anne Ambrosino, Jasper J. Anderson, Laura Baker, Gregory Ballora, Christian Beckman, Adam Behr, Howard Berger, John Biggs, Enrique B. Bilsland, Roland Blancaflor, Stephen R. Blandino, James Boulden, Evan Brainard, William Bryan, Dorothy Bulac-Eriksen, Steve Buscaino, Norman Cabrera, Marilee Canaga, Alton Robert Capwell, Tamara Carlson-Woodard, Peter A. Chevako, Blair Clark, Joseph Colwell, David Silva Covarrubias, Susan Cox, Wolfgang Criswell, Jeffrey Cruts, Duke K.W. Cullen, Richard Darwin, Jeffrey L. Deist, Robert Derry, Alejandro Diaz, Robin Dufay, Consuelo Duran Arteaga, Jeffrey Charles Edwards, Bernhard Eichholz, Winston Michael Elizalde, John Paul Fedele, Eric Fiedler, Thomas W. Floutz, Frederick Fraleigh, Robert Freitas, Richard Galinson, Deborah Ann Galvez, Jake Garber, Anthony Gardner, Connie Grayson-Criswell, Glen Griffin, Theodore Haines, Beth A. Hathaway, Eric Hayden, Jurgen Heimann, Jeffrey Drew Himmel, Robert Hinderstein, Allan B. Holt, Timothy Huizing, Wes Humphrey, Hiroshi "Kan" Ikeuchi, Lars Jangaard, E. Erik Jensen, Jeffrey Jingle, Marian Keating, Luke Khanlian, Carol Kramer Koch, Steve Koch, James L. Kundig, Richard Joseph Landon, Frank Langley IV, James C. Laprelle, Susan Laprelle, Julian Ledger, Russell Lukich, Jocelyn Lynch, Leonard Gregory MacDonald, Michael MacFarlane, Gregory Manion, Robert Mano, Jason Barrett Matthews, Jake McKinnon, Tamara McKinnon-Miller, Kevin McTurk, Paul Mejias, Todd Koma Minobe, Glenn Muravsky, Steve Newburn, Robert Newton, Gregory Nicotero, Michael Corey O'Brien, Michael Oosterom, "Scary" Gary Pawlowski, Timothy W. Phoenix, Jena Prosser, Justin Raleigh, Timothy Ralston, Robert S. Ramsdell, Sally Ray, Christian Ristow, Lisa Rocco, Tim Rose, Mikey Rotella, Frank Rydberg, Johnnie Saiko Espiritu, Michael "Mud" Scanlan, Andrew Schoneberg, Mark Setrakian, Shannon John Shea, Russell Shinkle, Bryan Sides, Amber Skowronski, Shownee Shon Smith, Jonathan Spence, Matthew Sprunger, William Sturgeon, Christopher Swift, Fagalilo Tauvao, Mark Tavares, Norman Tempia, Jill K. Thraves, Mario Torres Jr., William Traetta, Arjen Tuiten, Kevin Wasner, Chad Waters, David Wogh, Scott Woodard, Julie Zobel

Puppet Fabrication Supervisor: Rollie Krewson

Fabrication Crew: Heather Asch, Lauren Attinello, Robert H. Bennett, Carol Dinnean Binion, Ronald Binion, David Bizzaro, Cheryl Blaylock, Marc Borders, Kate Brehm, Mary Brehmer, Matthew Brennan, Jamie Bressler, Matthew Brooks, Barney Burman, Rachel Burson, Michael Bush, Aida W. Caefer, Ceili Clemens, John Cody, Gretchen Crookes, Carole Simms D'Agostino, Nicolina Dante, Andrea Detwiler, Dawn Dininger, Melissa Doss Diwa, Rosa Douglas, Isabelle Dufour, Benjamin Durocher, Richard W. Dyar, Brad Elliott, Victoria Ellis, Artie Esposito, Henri Ewaskio, Alex "Jurgen" Ferguson, Jose Fernandez, Michael Fields, Robert Flanagan, Robert Gardner, Joel Gennari, Patrick M. Gerrety, Andrea Gilletti, Vanessa Gifford Gillis, Duncan Gillis, Deborah Glassberg, James Godwin, Allison Green, Anthony Grosso, B.J. Guyer, Brian Haimes, Tyler Hall, Elizabeth Hara, Paul Hartis, Aaron Hartnett, Deborah Hertzberg, Michelle Hickey, Jason Hines, Joshua Holden, Anne Marie Holdgruen, John Douglas James, Lynette Leigh Johnson, Patrick Johnson, Scott Johnson, Sean William Johnson, Ulysses Jones, Kate Katz, Jean-Marie Keevins, Jamie Kelman, James Kemp, Ariella Knight, Joseph Kovacs, James J. Kroupa, Janet Kuhl, Sarah Lafferty, Timothy Lagasse, Adrian Rose Leonard, Molly Light, Kari Love, Peter MacKennan, Lara MacLean, Amanda Maddock, Laura Manns, Catherine McCullough, Jess McKay, Tom McLaughlin, Megan McNerney, Casey Miller, Thomas O. Newby, Collette Nickola, Danielle Obinger, Aina Skinnes O'Kane, John Orberg, Anney Fresh McKilligan Ozar, Gabriella Nicole Padilla, Anna Paniccia, Christine Papalexis, Jane Pien, Kenneth Rainey, Geoffrey Redknap, Michael Jay Regan, Regina Rizzo, Tina Roland, Stephen Rotondaro, Kate Rusek, Robert Saunders, Sierra Schoening, Michael Schupbach, Tomas Mickiewitz Seidita, Jessica Simon, David Skelly, Erin Slattery Black, Polly P. Smith, Keely Snook, Toria Sterling, Muriel Stockdale Grabe, Marie Tobita, Zachariah Tolchinsky, David Parkinson Valentine, Russ Walko, Robin Walsh, Stacey Weingarten, Haley Who, Simone Williams, James W. Wojtal Jr.

Trivia
Before Josh Gad was cast as Seymour, Justin Bieber, Daniel Boys, Zach Braff, Matthew Broderick, Michael Buble, Darren Criss, Adam Driver, Zac Efron, Taron Egerton, Chris Evans, Santino Fontana, Michael J. Fox, Andrew Garfield, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Topher Grace, Seth Green, Jonathan Groff, Jake Gyllenhaal, Bill Hader, Neil Patrick Harris, Chris Hemsworth, Tom Holland, both Jonas Brothers, Zachary Levi, Tobey Maguire, Jack McBrayer, Bobby Moynihan, Edward Norton, Haley Joel Osment, Jim Parsons, Randy Rainbow, Andy Samberg, Dylan and Cole Sprouse, Justin Timberlake, and Peyton Wich were all considered for the part. Hader was later cast as the masochistic dental patient Arthur Denton, played by Bill Murray in the 1986 film, and Samberg was cast as Bernstein, an NBC executive who tries to give Seymour his own show during "The Meek Shall Inherit". Harris was cast as the first person to take a liking to Seymour's plant. Groff had previously played Seymour in the 2019 off-Broadway production, while Gyllenhaal played Seymour in an Encores! production of Little Shop in 2015. Rick Moranis, who played Seymour in the 1986 musical film, makes a cameo as a shabby-looking Skid Row denizen who sings that Skid Row is "where the cabs never stop" and is promptly soaked by a taxi driving on a puddle, while the man who sings, "Where the food is slop", while eating a disgusting-looking chicken dinner, is played by Jonathan Haze, who played Seymour in the original Roger Corman film. Hunter Foster, who played the role in the 2003 Broadway production, briefly appears as a man from uptown New York, and Stuart Zagnit, who played Seymour in the original off-Broadway production when it closed in 1987, cameos as a newspaper salesman.

Amy Adams, Adele, Christina Aguilera, Jillian Banks, Kristen Bell, Jodi Benson, Emily Blunt, Mariah Carey, Kristin Chenoweth, Miley Cyrus, Celine Dion, Kirsten Dunst, Jenny Elfman, Anna Faris, Lady Gaga, Selena Gomez, Ellie Goulding, Maggie Gyllenhaal, Faith Hill, Kate Hudson, Bonnie Hunt, Brie Larson, Avril Lavigne, Madonna, Wendi McLendon-Covey, Debra Messing, Kylie Minogue, Mandy Moore, Sarah Jessica Parker, Katy Perry, Pink, Julia Roberts, Kristen Schaal, Sarah Silverman, Britney Spears, Emma Stone, Taylor Swift, Charlize Theron, Uma Thurman, Jennifer Tilly, Ashley Tisdale, Meghan Trainor, Kristen Wiig, Rebel Wilson, and Mary Elizabeth Winstead auditioned for Audrey before Idina Menzel won the role. While Ellen Greene didn't reprise Audrey from the original off-Broadway adaptation of the play and its subsequent 1986 film version, she does have a supporting role as Ms. Geffen, Audrey's neighbor and witness to Seymour's murder of Orin Scrivello (Greene is also credited as a creative consultant), while Hunt portrays a supermarket clerk during "Don't Feed the Plants", trying in vain to quell the mob of customers fighting over Audrey II's. Jackie Joseph, who portrayed Audrey in the original Roger Corman film, cameos as an uptown woman, while Marsha Waterbury and Kerry Butler (the off-Broadway understudy Audrey and Broadway Audrey, respectively) make appearances as supermarket shoppers.

Actors in contention for the part of Mr. Mushnik include Jason Alexander, Dan Aykroyd, Alec Baldwin, Ed Begley Jr., Benjamin Bratt, Clancy Brown, James Caan, Blake Clark, Stephen Colbert, Chris Cooper, Bryan Cranston, Tim Curry, Timothy Dalton, Robert De Niro, Johnny Depp, Danny DeVito, Brad Dourif, Robert Downey Jr., Robert Englund, Colin Farrell, Will Ferrell, Harvey Fierstein, Ralph Fiennes, Harrison Ford, Brendan Fraser, Brad Garrett, Jeff Goldblum, John Goodman, Kelsey Grammer, Woody Harrelson, Ed Harris, Dustin Hoffman, Jeremy Irons, Jason Isaacs, Tommy Lee Jones, Michael Keaton, Richard Kind, David Koechner, Nathan Lane, Jon Lovitz, James Marsters, Ewan McGregor, Michael McKean, Ian McShane, Tamuera Morrison, Bill Murray, Mike Myers, Nick Nolte, Gary Oldman, Al Pacino, Joe Pantoliano, Chris Parnell, Joe Pesci, Joaquin Phoenix, David Hyde Pierce, John C. Reilly, Keanu Reeves, William Shatner, Wallace Shawn, Brent Spiner, Sylvester Stallone, Jon Stewart, Patrick Stewart, Mark Strong, Jeffrey Tambor, Patrick Warburton, Lee Wilkof, and Bruce Willis. The role eventually went to J.K. Simmons. Murray originally played Arthur Denton in the 1986 film. Wilkof, who originated Seymour off-Broadway, makes a cameo as a garbage collector (Barry James, the original West End Seymour, played the character in the U.K. release of the film). Kind cameos as a police chief who talks to Audrey after Orin's death.

Jack Black, Steve Buscemi, Steve Carell, David Cross, Tom Cruise, Paul Dano, Colin Farrell, Will Ferrell, Dave Foley, Will Forte, Topher Grace, Neil Patrick Harris, Sean Hayes, Kevin James, Jason Lee, John Malkovich, Howie Mandel, Seth Meyers, Jim Parsons, Pedro Pascal, John C. Reilly, Mark Ruffalo, Adam Sandler, Adam Scott, Jason Segel, Jerry Seinfeld, David Spade, Ben Stiller, Jason Sudeikis, Alan Tudyk, and Steve Zahn all auditioned for Orin Scrivello before the role went to Jim Carrey. Black, who also auditioned to voice Audrey II, appeared as radio DJ Wink Wilkinson, Tudyk plays Patrick Martin, and Sandler and James were cast as Skip Snip and a moving truck driver preparing to distribute Audrey II cuttings at the end of the film, respectively. Douglas Sills, who played Orin on Broadway, appears as a shopper during the "Don't Feed the Plants" sequence.

For Audrey II, the director wanted an actor who could at least act threatening enough if not able to sing. Lori Alan, Jack Black, Brandon Boyd, Wayne Brady, Clancy Brown, Jim Carrey, Cedric the Entertainer, Sacha Baron Cohen, Common, Eddie Cooper, Lilli Cooper, Cavin Cornwall, Terry Crews, Jim Cummings, Tim Curry, Elliot Dash, Keith David, Daveed Diggs, Taye Diggs, Snoop Dogg, Brad Dourif, Danny Elfman, Donald Faison, Harvey Fierstein, Kelsey Grammer, Cee Lo Green, David Alan Grier, Neil Patrick Harris, Kevin Hart, Steve Harvey, James Monroe Iglehart, Jason Isaacs, Dwayne Johnson, Tom Kenny, Keegan-Michael Key, Martin Lawrence, Seth MacFarlane, John Malkovich, Ian McShane, Mr. T, Eddie Murphy, Gary Oldman, Ozzy Osborne, Ken Page, Jordan Peele, Billy Porter, Randy Rainbow, Amber Reilly, Ving Rhames, Kevin Michael Richardson, Chris Rock, Axl Rose, J.K. Simmons, Sam Smith, Will Smith, Wanda Sykes, Tony Todd, Alan Tudyk, Sigourney Weaver, and Stevie Wonder all auditioned for the part. Mark Hamill was eventually brought in to voice the plant, being both a talented villain voice actor and a good singer. Simmons was cast as Mr. Mushnik, Carrey won the role of Orin Scrivello, Black was cast as Wink Wilkinson, while Reilly voiced Audrey II in a 2019 production at the Pasadena Playhouse. Eddie Cooper, Ken Page, and Billy Porter have all also played Audrey II in past Little Shop productions. Keith David made an appearance during the "Skid Row (Downtown)" number, singing the bass lines.

Before Hamill was cast as Audrey II, the voices of the main puppeteers were considered (giving the plant a purposely inconsistent sound). Eventually, the voice of lead puppeteer Martin P. Robinson was used during filming and would have been used in the final cut if no suitable voice actor had been found. Robinson's Audrey II voice was used in promotional material for the film, including an interview with the character.

Actresses/puppeteers Louise Gold, Leslie Carrara-Rudolph and Colleen Smith make cameos as Skid Row denizens: Gold plays an old lady begging for money, Carrara-Rudolph appears as a dental patient, and Smith as the first shopper to barge into the supermarket to buy an Audrey II. The latter two also worked as additional Audrey II puppeteers.

Roger Corman, who directed the original Little Shop of Horrors film in 1960, makes an appearance as a businessman holding a contract near the end of "The Meek Shall Inherit" number.

The manner in which Audrey II is designed, operated and voiced contains shout-outs to the original Roger Corman film, the stage version, and the 1986 musical film. Audrey II's design combines elements of the 1982 off-Broadway and 2003 Broadway puppet designs, both created by Martin P. Robinson, who also performed the plant in those shows and this film. From the scene where we're introduced to the plant to the moment in "Feed Me" when it asks Seymour if he believes his newfound success is a coincidence, Audrey II is operated as though it were a hinged prop, just like in the original Roger Corman film. It's only when Seymour dismisses the plant as an inanimate object, and it aggressively proves otherwise, that Audrey II is revealed to be an intricate puppet, similar to the 1986 film, but operated similarly to Marty Robinson's original stage puppets. When the plant begins to talk and demand to be fed, voice actor Mark Hamill initially does his best impression of Charles B. Griffith's voice for Audrey Jr. from the original Roger Corman film. When it starts singing and promising Seymour lots of riches, Hamill changes to a voice closer to his own (that deepens as the plant continues growing). Throughout the film, Hamill's voice switches between the Audrey Jr. impression, his iconic Joker voice and an emulation of Levi Stubbs' voice for Audrey II, before eventually using his Megatronus voice (complete with reverb effects) when the plant is at its largest size.

Three of the songs are composed and performed differently in this film than in other adaptations. "Skid Row (Downtown)", while in the same key as most productions, is performed at a much slower tempo (before reaching normal speed during the final verse of the song). "Somewhere That's Green" is orchestrated in the key of F major, identical to "Part of Your World" from The Little Mermaid. Likewise, the final song, "Don't Feed the Plants", is arranged in the same key as the 2003 Broadway version of the song, albeit in a slower tempo, with a backup choir, and limiting the orchestration to a soft piano and somber-sounding bass violins, with bass drums and a baritone violin heard during the first half of the song. This gives its accompanying scene a more tragic feel, as it plays over shoppers barging into a supermarket to buy an Audrey II, a montage of innocent people being eaten by the plants, entire cities left in ruins from their rampage, and a discomforting shot of Earth exploding a la the Death Star as the rampaging Audrey IIs maniacally cackle.

Eight Audrey II puppets, all of varying sizes, were created for the film by puppet builders and technicians from the Jim Henson Creature Shop, based on puppet designs by Martin P. Robinson, and each has its own purpose and function. The first (and smallest) plant is basically a prop handled by Seymour's actor, operated when on a table or flat surface by simply opening and closing its mouth on a hinge; this plant was seen during "Grow for Me", worked by Marty Robinson himself. The second plant is also a prop, with its "jaw" moved by controlling a joystick inside its pot; it can be seen in the WSKID radio interview scene (performed in said scene by Anthony Asbury). The third plant, seen at the start of the "Feed Me" scene, is another prop, this time using a car pedal to control its jaw. The fourth plant, first seen when it shouts, "Does this look inanimate to you, punk?!" is now a fully functional puppet; to control it, puppeteer Karen Prell pops her body out of a trapdoor underneath the set, and through the plant's pot, where she inserts her whole upper body into the plant's "head" and moves the puppet's flexible mouth with her right hand, while additional puppeteers control its vines, pedals, and tongue with rods and RC control units. The fifth plant, used during "Suppertime", is puppeteered by David Rudman, who sits on its pot in a sitting position, and inserts his whole body into its head, moving his hands simultaneously to move the mouth; again, extra performers control the other parts, including a radio-controlled tongue. The sixth plant is seen after "The Meek Shall Inherit"; its head is performed by Joey Mazzarino, who stands on top of the pot and leans forward inside the plant costume, controlling its mouth by inserting his arms into holes inside the puppet, and pulling and pushing his arms together; additional performers are again needed to control its vines, which can now form humanlike hands, operated via a cable control connected to the puppeteers' fingers. The seventh plant, from most of the "Suppertime" reprise, is the biggest "prop" plant, controlled by pulling a large lever to move the jaw. The eighth (and largest) plant comes during the climax. The head of the plant is now big enough for a whole human to stretch and move around inside (the puppet in general is three times taller, and heavier, than the largest form of the 1986 Audrey II); puppeteer Kevin Clash moves his arms and whole body to control the mouth. The head is lifted off the ground by a pulley system connected from the top of the puppet to a crane operated high above the set, which can be lowered should the plant be required to lower its head. A team of over 70 extra puppeteers are needed to control its vines, "hands", petals, roots, and tongue, or just to support the puppet's weight, including up to five people manning the crane. This version of the plant was so difficult to manipulate, that in order for the puppet to move more smoothly on camera, the framerate for the scene was slowed to 10 frames per second (forcing Josh Gad to act onscreen in slow-motion), which was later sped up to 24 frames per second. Three versions of plant #8, as well as more than 500 replicas of plant #1 (albeit genuine props instead of hinged puppets) were built for the "Don't Feed the Plants" number, collectively operated by 227 puppeteers.

Though practical effects were mostly used for the film, using the plant puppetry, red paint splattering all over the dentist's office for blood, paint-stained pieces of an Orin dummy when he is fed to the plant, a Mushnik dummy and fake blood for the end of the "Suppertime" number when he gets his head bitten off, and a prop gun when Seymour tries to kill himself, there were some effects that involved CGI. These included digital editing to erase on-screen puppeteers and rods, CGI fire from the flamethrower (so the puppet would not suffer any real damage), and the end shot of Earth blowing up.