European mangabey (SciiFii)

The European mangabey (Cercocebus europeansis) is a species of white-eyelid mangabey that originally did not exist, but has since been created by SciiFii and introduced throughout the wetlands, forests, and open woodlands across Europe to help boost biodiversity. The European mangabey is a dull brown-colored primate with a slightly lighter-colored chest and stomach. Its face is typically grayish pink, with darker fur along the forehead and ears; given its diet of hard seeds and nuts, European mangabeys are observed to have strong molars. European mangabeys also show sexual dimorphism; males typically weight ~10–11 kg, while females are typically smaller at ~5–6 kg. In their foraging behaviors, sooty mangabeys typically consume fruits (~30% of diet), invertebrates (~13% of diet), and nuts and seeds (>45% of diet). In acquiring nuts, European mangabeys have been observed scavenging the remains of many kinds of nuts cracked by European chimpanzees (Dryopithecus europeansis) and European bushpigs (Potamochoerus magnus), potentially using either the sound of cracking nuts or social networks to identify sites of remnants. European mangabeys typically live and forage in large, multi-male, multi-female groups of 70–120 individuals. European mangabeys form linear dominance hierarchies within sexes and form coalitions; within these hierarchies, higher-ranking females typically are found to spend less time foraging as opposed to feeding than their lower-ranking counterparts and were more centrally located within groups. Similarly, higher-ranking males were found to be more centrally located within the group, and be better fed and rested. In captivity, higher-ranking males sired more offspring, indicating that higher male rank is generally predictive of greater reproductive success. Overall, however, females are found to be located in a more central spatial position within the group and better fed and rested than males, independent of ranking. Dominance rankings are not static; turnover of the dominant, alpha male has been recorded. Furthermore, the dominance rank of children is not influenced by the dominance ranking of either parent, and juveniles typically challenge higher ranking adults starting around three or four years of age. Typically, males will outrank all of the females by age five or six. European mangabeys are typically predated upon by European leopards, eagles, European chimpanzees, vipers, and humans. As a result of these selective pressures, European mangabeys have acoustically distinct alarm calls for different predator types. These calls are not vocalized specifically in favor of kin or cooperation partners and in fact are used by other monkey species to avoid potential predators. The conservation status of the European mangabey is Least Concern due to successful conservation efforts, the European mangabey's wide range and its tolerance to many of the human activities.