Diseases & Prevention(Transcript)

Reece: Hello everyone, today we are in Birmingham City Hospital.

Blake: And today, we are going to interview different doctors in the children's ward.

Scene cuts to Zoe and George's interview with a doctor.

Zoe: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. A: You're welcome.

George: So what's the first disease you're going to show us?

Dr. A: Well, the first disease is the common cold.

Zoe: Cause?

Dr. A: Common colds come during rainy or snowy weather. It is easy to catch a cold at that time.

George: What are the symptoms?

Dr. A: The symptoms are coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.

Zoe: What is the treatment?

Dr. A: It is usually medicine like antivirals and antibiotics but it may vary from person to person. But you can use vitamin c.

George: Prevention?

Dr. A: Wash your hands regularly and if you are getting sick, pay a visit to the doctor.

Zoe: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. A: You're welcome.

George: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Kandace and Raphael's interview with a doctor.

Kandace: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. B: You're welcome.

Raphael: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. B: Well, the next disease is bronchiolitis.

Kandace: Cause?

Dr. B: Bronchiolitis is caused by viral infection commonly caused by a virus called respiratory syncytial virus.

Raphael: What are the symptoms?

Dr. B: The symptoms consists of a fever, rhinorrhea, cough, wheeze, tachypnea and increased work of breathing such as nasal flaring or grunting.

Kandace: What is the treatment?

Dr. B: The disease is usually on younger children, but the treatment can be oxygen or maintaining hydration so stay hydrated, kids. Also Hypertonic saline, Bronchodilators and Epinephrine can help too, but we are still not sure how this can be managed or treated.

Raphael: Prevention?

Dr. B: Prevention of bronchiolitis relies strongly on measures to reduce the spread of the viruses that cause respiratory infections (that is, hand washing, and avoiding exposure to those symptomatic with respiratory infections).

Kandace: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. B: You're welcome.

Raphael: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Yuto and Aidan's interview with a doctor.

Yuto: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. C: You're welcome.

Aidan: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. C: Well, the next disease is chickenpox.

Yuto: Cause?

Dr. C: We aren't sure what's the cause of chickenpox.

Aidan: What are the symptoms?

Dr. C: The early symptoms in adolescents and adults are nausea, loss of appetite, aching muscles, and headache. This is followed by the characteristic rash or oral sores, malaise, and a low-grade fever that signal the presence of the disease.

Yuto: What is the treatment?

Dr. C: Cut your nails short or wear gloves to prevent scratching and minimize the risk of secondary infections. Also put some cream on the rashes

Aidan: Prevention?

Dr. C: Chickenpox vaccine, this can only happen once so you won't have it again.

Yuto: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. C: You're welcome.

Aidan: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Emily and Molly's interview with a doctor.

Emily: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. D: You're welcome.

Molly: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. D: Well, the next disease is the flu.

Emily: Cause?

Dr. D: The virus causing the flu may vary, but the flu can also happen if you stayed in the rainy or the snowy days.

Molly: What are the symptoms?

Dr. D: Fever and chills, Cough, Nasal congestion, Runny nose, Sore throat, Hoarseness, Earache, Muscle pains, Fatigue, Headache and Irritated, watering eyes.

Emily: What is the treatment?

Dr. D: Take paracetamol to lower down the fever or antivirals.

Molly: Prevention?

Dr. D: Wash your hands thoroughly and take your vaccines.

Emily: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. D: You're welcome.

Molly: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Thaiyo and Oakley's interview with a doctor.

Thaiyo: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. E: You're welcome.

Oakley: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. E: Well, the next disease is meningitis.

Thaiyo: Cause?

Dr. E: The cause can be bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic. The most common cause is bacterial.

Oakley: What are the symptoms?

Dr. E: The most common symptoms are fever and a headache, but you can also get a fever and feel nauseous.

Thaiyo: What is the treatment?

Dr. E: Antibiotics and steroids can help for bacterial infections. Antivirals can help too, but only on viral infections.

Oakley: Prevention?

Dr. E: There are meningitis vaccines available.

Thaiyo: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. E: You're welcome.

Oakley: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Spencer and Poe's interview with a doctor.

Spencer: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. F: You're welcome.

Poe: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. F: Well, the next disease is pneumonia.

Spencer: Cause?

Dr. F: The cause can be bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic. The most common cause is bacterial. But you can also get hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by ventilators or aspiration pneumonia when you inhale water or foreign bodies.

Poe: What are the symptoms?

Dr. F: Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever and difficulty breathing. Severity may vary.

Spencer: What is the treatment?

Dr. F: Antibiotics and steroids can help for bacterial infections. Antivirals can help too, but only on viral infections. Oxygen can also help if oxygen levels are low

Poe: Prevention?

Dr. F: Don't go out during blizzards and there is pneumonia vaccine available. But this may vary as well.

Spencer: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. F: You're welcome.

Poe: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Alicia and Anya's interview with a doctor.

Alicia: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. G: You're welcome.

Anya: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. G: Well, the next disease is tuberculosis.

Alicia: Cause?

Dr. G: Mycobacteria is the cause of tuberculosis.

Anya: What are the symptoms?

Dr. G: Symptoms typically include chronic cough with blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats, and weight loss.

Alicia: What is the treatment?

Dr. G: Treatment of TB uses antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Effective TB treatment is difficult, due to the unusual structure and chemical composition of the mycobacterial cell wall, which hinders the entry of drugs and makes many antibiotics ineffective.

Anya: Prevention?

Dr. G: There are vaccinations available for TB.

Alicia: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. G: You're welcome.

Anya: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Tanya and Ken's interview with a doctor.

Tanya: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. H: You're welcome.

Ken: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. H: Well, the next disease is whooping cough.

Tanya: Cause?

Dr. H: Whooping cough is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is an airborne disease (through droplets) that spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person.

Ken: What are the symptoms?

Dr. H: The symptoms are paroxysmal cough, inspiratory whoop, and fainting, or vomiting after coughing..

Tanya: What is the treatment?

Dr. H: The antibiotics erythromycin, clarithromycin, or azithromycin are typically the recommended treatment. Newer macrolides are frequently recommended due to lower rates of side effects.

Ken: Prevention?

Dr. H: There are vaccinations available for whooping cough.

Tanya: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. H: You're welcome.

Ken: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Brad and Connor's interview with a doctor.

Brad: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. I: You're welcome.

Connor: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. I: Well, the next disease is lyme disease.

Brad: Cause?

Dr. I: Lyme disease is caused by ticks, a group of arachnids.

Connor: What are the symptoms?

Dr. I: It can be asymptomatic but an expanding rash may occur during the infection.

Brad: What is the treatment?

Dr. I: Antibiotics are the primary treatment. The specific approach to their use is dependent on the individual affected and the stage of the disease.

Connor: Prevention?

Dr. I: Tick removal can help, because ticks caused this infection.

Brad: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. I: You're welcome.

Connor: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Troy and Robert's interview with a doctor.

Troy: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. J: You're welcome.

Robert: So what's the next disease you're going to show us?

Dr. J: Well, the next disease is SARS.

Troy: Cause?

Dr. J: This disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-1 which caused a global pandemic from 2002 to 2004.

Robert: What are the symptoms?

Dr. J: Symptoms are flu-like symptoms and may include fever, muscle pain, lethargy, cough, sore throat, and other nonspecific symptoms. The only symptom common to all patients appears to be a fever above 38 °C (100 °F). SARS may eventually lead to shortness of breath and pneumonia; either direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia.

Troy: What is the treatment?

Dr. J: As SARS is a viral disease, antibiotics do not have direct effect but may be used against bacterial secondary infection. Treatment of SARS is mainly supportive with antipyretics, supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation as needed. Antiviral medications are used as well as high doses of steroids to reduce swelling in the lungs.

Robert: Prevention?

Dr. J: Hand-washing with soap and water, or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer, disinfection of surfaces of fomites to remove viruses, avoiding contact with bodily fluids, washing the personal items of someone with SARS in hot, soapy water, keeping children with symptoms home from school, simple hygiene measures and isolating oneself as much as possible to minimize the chances of transmission of the virus.

Troy: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. J: You're welcome.

Robert: Have a good day.

Scene cuts to Sheryl and Devan's interview with a doctor.

Sheryl: So thanks for coming, doctor.

Dr. K: You're welcome.

Devan: So what's the last disease you're going to show us?

Dr. K: Well, the last disease is COVID 19.

Sheryl: Cause?

Dr. K: This disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 which caused an ongoing global pandemic, but luckily, the virus is contained.

Devan: What are the symptoms?

Dr. K: Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, and loss of smell and taste. While the majority of cases result in mild symptoms, some progress to viral pneumonia, multi-organ failure, or cytokine storm. The time from exposure to onset of symptoms is typically around five days but may range from two to fourteen days.

Sheryl: What is the treatment?

Dr. K: There is currently no cure for this virus.

Devan: Prevention?

Dr. K: Wash your hands, don't touch anything and wear a mask. There is currently no vaccine for the virus. But don't panic buy.

Sheryl: Thank you, doctor.

Dr. K: You're welcome.

Devan: Have a good day.

Scene cuts back to the hospital entrance.

Reece: So thanks for watching.

Blake: And sorry, we didn't cover everything because we are also limited in time.

Jenny: So stay tuned for next week's episode of Health & Physical Education Wednesdays.

Danna: See you soon.

Everyone: Bye!