Voltage (Epsilon character)

Voltage is a superhero character appearing in comic books published by American company Epsilon Publishing. He is the joint creation of writer Isaac Peterson and artist Tom Benning, first appearing in the first issue of his self-titled comic book series Voltage in March of 1987, during the Bronze Age of comic books. He has since went on to become Epsilon's biggest character, being featured in a number of comics, shows, films, video games, among other things.

His secret identity is that of Los Angeles-based college student Ash Grey, a former juvenile who lived with his step-mother Naomi Hathaway while playing bass in his band Telltale Heart, which consisted of his friends Mike Brady, Rebecca Barker, and Triss Kuyani. Following an explosion dubbed the Los Angeles Incident in-universe, Ash gained electrokinetic abilities and used them to battle against other empowered individuals that had risen after the blast, as well as criminals of all kinds, some of his more notable villains being The Skull, Siphon, Crustacean, Hornet, and Deathless Donny. Voltage was unique by 1980s standards in that his supporting cast featured a number of non-white people in positions of power, gay characters, and neurodivergent representation with his primary love interest, the aforementioned Rebecca, being one of the first comic characters to be stated to be on the spectrum. Alternate interpretations of Voltage have also been presented in Epsilon's fictional multiverse, most notably those of Voltage from the Epsilon Legendary line of comics and the villainous dark future version, High Voltage.

He is Epsilon's most popular and most commercially successful character, having been included in media since 1992, only five years after his initial creation. He was even the face of Epsilon as a company from 2006 to 2010. His first ever appearance in other media was MTV's Voltage, which initially aired as part of 's block, in which a young  voiced the titular character. Voltage's first appearance in a live action format was in his own film in late 2003, Voltage, in which portrays the hero in this film and it's following sequels. Actor is frequently associated with the character, having played him in the 2006 Voltage animated series and the Charged-Up line of games, as well as voicing the character in a number of other media. Voltage has also headlined the Lego Voltage line and spawned his own broadway musical, Voltage Takes the Stage, in which he was played by.

Publication History
The comic book culture of the late 1980s was one that was embracing more rebellious attitudes and the character who would become Voltage was born from Epsilon deciding to try to appeal to this market. A then 23-year-old Isaac Peterson, who had just graduated college and lied about his work experience, was tasked with creating a character like this for the company. Peterson and his partner at the time, an also freshly graduated Tom Benning, did not expect to get the job and were mortified once they realized the hole their lie had dug. Because of this, Peterson decided to draw from his own life, writing a character based on his then recent experiences at college while also drawing from the comics, specifically the years that featured the character as a college student. Peterson also decided to give the new character electrical abilities, which he saw as rare among characters at the time and, after Benning drew up a mock sketch of what the character's costume, they pitched the idea to Epsilon publisher Kirsten Swore. Infamously, they pitched the character as "Electro, The Human Battery" to Swore, who immediately demanded they change the name as to avoid lawsuits, with neither Peterson or Benning being aware that had also created a character called. Peterson then renamed the character to "Zap", which was also rejected for sounding "too dumb", according to Peterson. After this, either the character was repitched as Voltage and accepted or they pitched him under the name Electrocutioner and were rejected again before coming up with Voltage. Sources differ.

According to Benning, he designed Voltage to look fun but with a bit of an edge, with his initial notes for the character specifying to always draw him smiling while in his costume, which he viewed as both a way to make him seem approachable to the reader and as a reason why his enemies got so mad around him, upset that he had the nerve to smile while fighting them. Benning was also the one to come up with Voltage's famous ability to swap his hair color from brown to silver, which were explained in-universe as "controlling the electronic waves in (his) body". According to Peterson, Benning was fully aware this made no sense but went with it anyway, as he thought that it was a good way of hiding his identity, as Voltage did not wear a mask (instead wearing a pair of goggles) and Benning thought superhero designs that lacked masked didn't make sense. Benning was also self-admittedly a fan of drawing capes on heroes, but thought giving Voltage one would ruin his edge. So, instead, Voltage was drawn wearing a cloak, which would billow behind him reminiscent of a cape and the hood of which would further hide his face. The main uniform of Voltage's outfit was designed to resemble a boiler suit, specifically ones worn by electricians, a nod to his abilities, though black areas were added to break up the greens and yellows of the costume. Later, these black areas would be claimed to be made of rubber, though it is unclear if this was part of the initial design.

Voltage debut in his own self-titled comic book, the first issue of which went on to become the best selling Epsilon published comic of all time. Since then, Voltage has gone on to become Epsilon's most popular character and was even the face of the company for nearly a decade. Fans quite enjoyed Voltage's quippy, cocky, and sometimes even standoffish nature which, while often presented as flaws, have since become ingrained into the character. Voltage's popularity was so undeniable that during the comic book crash of 1996, various companies offered to buy the character from Epsilon (most notably ), though none of these deals were accepted, as they were viewed as being too low.

Television

 * The first ever other media property based on the character was MTV's Voltage, which aired on from 1992 to 1994 for a total of two seasons, each with six episodes. A young  voices the character in this adaptation.
 * In 2006, an animated children's television series based on the character titled simply Voltage was produced, airing on from 2006 to 2010 for four seasons.  played the character in the series, eventually going on to become the go-to actor for the character.
 * Electrifying Voltage, Voltage's first CGI animated series, also premiered on Cartoon Network, running for five seasons from 2013 to 2017. Voltage was portrayed by actor in this series.
 * A series targeted at a much younger audience, Voltage Shocking Stories, aired for two seasons on from 2015 to 2016.  voiced the character in this series.
 * Anime studio developed a one season anime based on the character, titled Voltage: Japan, in 2017, airing on  in Japan and released as a  exclusive in other countries. The series starred  in Japanese and  in English playing the titular character.

Film

 * A film trilogy based on the character was released from 2003 to 2008, consisting of Voltage (2003), Voltage 2 (2006), and Voltage 3 (2008). In all of these films, portrays the character.
 * A made for TV animated film titled Voltage: The Los Angeles Incident was released in late 2006, originally meant to air on before being switched to, with  voicing the character.
 * A pair of direct to video films were released as part of Epsilon's animated film universe, Epsilon Stars. The films in question starred as the protagonist and were titled Voltage: The Human Battery (2015) and Echo & Voltage (2017).
 * A second live action trilogy was released as part of the Epsilon Media Film Universe, with playing the lead. The films consist of Voltage Ignited (2013), Voltage Returns (2016), and Voltage Eternal (2019).
 * The CGI animated film Voltage: The Spark released in September of 2021, with actor providing the voice of the character.

Note

 * Nobody listed on the page are real people unless specified.