Astro Boy (1988 film)

Astro Boy, Released in Japan as Mighty Atom USA (鉄腕アトム USA Tetsuwan Atomu USA) is a 1988 animated Science-fiction film directed by Carl Andy, Based on the Manga of the same name by Osamu Tezuka, the film is an updated retelling with an All-star cast, consisting of Ralph Macchio, Dan Aykroyd, Michael Douglas, Ernest Borgnine and others with animation by Toei Animation (ironically not Tezuka Productions)

the film was released on November 4, 1988 by Columbia Pictures, where it received Mixed reviews and bombed at the Box office but eventually gained a Cult following, especially from Astro Boy and Tezuka fans.

Plot
In the year 2040, Toby "Astor" Boynton (Ralph Macchio) is a rebellious 13 year old with a rowdy attitude, he acts this way due to his widowed father, Dr. Bill Boynton (Dan Ackroyd), neglecting him most of the times, he rides in his hover-bike along with his friends until one day he gets into a crash, killing him, Bill sees his dead son at the scene and is upset he never got to spend more time with him.

after the funeral, Bill becomes a depressed man, trying to cheer himself up, however none of It works, until he reads Pinocchio, he gets the idea to build a robot in the likeness of his late son, after months in development, the robot Astor is completed, later, Bill's boss Skunk Quasserman (Michael Douglas), the head of the Atas Corporation, a robot manufacturing company, wants the blueprints to make a brand of robot children for the consumer market, however Bill rejects the offer and says "you can't exploit the memory of my son" and walks away.

one night at a party, Skunk orders some hired soldiers to hunt down and steal the blueprints and destroy the robot, Bill overhears this and runs for his home quickly, he burns the blueprints and tells Astor to fly away, he flies away just as Skunk and his soldiers arrive, thus taking Bill prisoner.

the robot soon finds asylum in the mansion of Bill's old mentor, Packadermus J. Elefun (Ernest Borgnine) and keeps him for the night, Elefun, being a more kind and grandfatherly figure to the robot soon gives the naïve android understanding of life and the universe, for which the robot becomes less rowdy and more worldly than his human predecessor, meanwhile, Bill, while being interrogated, refuses to give details on where the robot and the blueprints are at, he jokingly thinks he would have gone to his former robotics mentor Elefun, which Skunk takes seriously and demands a search on the house much to Bill's anger.

the soldiers soon attack Elefun's mansion, thus also taking Elefun as prisoner and Astor makes his escape while fighting off the soldiers, Astor flies as fast as he can until eventually runs out of fuel, eventually falling down to the uncovered surface land, he wakes up and meets Circus ringmaster Peter Cacciatore (Marshall Efron in the original recording, Dustin Hoffman in the final version), who goes by the nickname "Hamegg" and his two adopted children, Carrie Deborah (Molly Ringwald) and Mike (Lloyd Bridges), they become friends and soon Astor becomes familiar with the surroundings, Hamegg hires Astor as his new Circus performer, but feels his name isn't catchy enough, he then he messes around with the letters and writes "ASTRO" thus calling the robot "Astro Boy".

meanwhile, Skunk has made an army of soldiers and now controls Metro City's Army with an iron fist, holding Nuremberg styled speeches, they all march out of the city to look for Astro and destroy him once and for all, back in the surface world, Astro tries out various costumes to wear, eventually going for his iconic Underwear and Boots which Hamegg thinks gives off a Circus Strongman vibe, Astro later meets Mike whom Astro later finds out is a robot like him and has a backstory similar to Astro's, Mike kept it a secret from Hamegg, telling the truth about the ringmaster's true intent is to have robots battle to the death for the entertainment of humans, Hamegg however catches them and puts them on rest mode.

later, Astro and Mike wake up and Hamegg whips them into the stadium, there they must fight waves of more primitive robots as a tag team, waves later, Astro and Mike are now forced to fight in a duel where one robot will die, Astro and Mike fight with a variety of moves on each other, later Astro gains the upper hand and punches Mike multiple times before Mike falls down to the ground and out of fuel, Mike's last words are "Someday, this will be outlawed" before dying on the ground, the crowd cheers but Astro yells out and goes on a rant against Hamegg's treatment of robots, Hamegg tells the crowd to not believe in Astro but the audience boos and throw various items at him, Hamegg tries to make a run for it but is stopped by Skunk and his soldiers, who have found posters featuring Astro in various places, Skunk slaps Hamegg out of the way, they see Astro and shoot at him but Astro is immune to bullets, but that doesn't stop Astro from getting away as they capture him.

Astro is in a prison cell, awaiting being dismantled until Carrie meets him through the bars and give him some upgrades for Astro to escape, Astro gains power for his finger laser guns among other things as well as advice that the bars are easy to bend open, Astro opens the bars, knocks out a few solders and escapes, later interrogating one of his captors telling him where Skunk is, he gives him the location and flies away to the Atlas building all the way to Skunk's office, Elefun and Bill are both tied to chairs, Astro faces Skunk as he unleashes his super soldier bots, whom Astro destroy in a quick amount of time, Skunk then reveals he posses supernatural powers, grabbing a book of Latin phrases to unlock the Underworld, the portal opens with a devil, played by an animatronic puppet, before Astro finds an hourglass, breaks it and throws the sand into Skunk's face, blinding him, thus letting the devil grab him, Skunk falls down into the Underworld portal screaming as he turns into a skeleton, Astro burns the book, thus closing the portal, the Solders soon are out of their control and Astro is declared the city's hero and in a later scene, is declared an American citizen along with Robots being given the same rights as humans, we see Hamegg watching the declaration on TV and cries in failure, the film ends with Astro seeing a vision of Mike in the clouds, remembering him for his friendship and courage.

Cast

 * Ralph Macchio as Astro/Toby "Astor" Boyton
 * Dan Aykroyd as Dr. Bill Boynton
 * Michael Douglas as Skunk Quaserman
 * Ernest Borgnine as Dr. Packadermus J. Elefun
 * Molly Ringwald as Carrie Deborah, a teenage punk girl who lives in the surface land
 * Todd Bridges as Mike, an African-American Boy who is later revealed to be a robot like Astro
 * Billy Crystal as George Mustachio, Tenma's Balding butler
 * Dustin Hoffman as Peter "Hamegg" Cacciatore, a Cruel Circus owner who forces Astro and Mike to fight other robots in the circus and eventually each other, Marshall Efron was originally cast as the voice of Hamegg during its original production, but when Andy asked for re-recording, Efron was not available so Hoffman was cast in his place
 * Howard Cosell as Circus Fighting announcer (Cameo)
 * Garret Fredrickson as Soldier (Cameo)

Development
Development on an Astro Boy movie began in 1984 when 1963 Anime English dub producer Fred Ladd considered pitching the idea after gaining permission from Tezuka, he pitched it to various studios, the most interested we're Francis T. Vincent at Columbia Pictures, then owned by The Coca-Cola Company and Sidney Sheinberg at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCA_Inc. MCA], the owner of Universal Pictures, whom a decade prior released Astro Boy: Battle Among the Stars in the US, as both studios had time to think at different appointments, they both went to Tezuka Productions to see if the rights we're available, while Universal had a verbal deal with them, it was Columbia who had a signed contract with the company and started working to produce the film right after, still thinking their deal was settled, Universal started advertising public announcements for their movie, titled "Astro: The Mighty Atom", what followed would be a heated court battle between both studios, accusing each other of unfair competition and arguments on who really had the go ahead to produce a movie adaptation, regardless both studios focused on their films, Halloween III: Season of the Witch director Tommy Lee Wallace was picked to direct, various ideas we're considered in Universal's version, such as making Astro a Jesus like figure and have him prevent a World War III between the United States and the Soviet Union from happening, eventually Columbia's version won out with Tezuka siding with them, mainly over Columbia going with the more cheaper Animation route, Universal was forced to pull the plug on their film afterwards.

Columbia soon hired Joe Bacal and Tom Griffith in late 1984 to produce the film coming off their work producing shows based on Hasbro's properties, they recruited Toei Animation (ironically not Tezuka Productions) to do the animation, when suggesting a director, one Columbia exec brought up live action director John Carpenter, whom prior for Columbia directed Christine and the soon to be released Starman, Carpenter, having barely known Astro Boy when the 1963 Anime aired in Syndication, decided to watch various episodes of both the 1963 and the then recent 1980 Anime for research, knowing this would've been his first Animated movie, he wrote a spec script and included ideas of his own, Tezuka meanwhile having seen Halloween, Escape from New York and Christine was confused by the decision but was fairly open when Starman was brought up, just as Character designs were starting, Carpenter decided to leave production due concerns of the long animation schedule, so a new director was hired, Jules Barnaby, prior to this he had done Commercials for TV and was a Rankin/Bass employee, he directed the 1983 adult-animated comedy Frankenstein: In Stitches which had a similar animation style as the 1963 Astro Boy anime and was in Black and White, so he was considered right for the job and the film went into official production, in the meantime, Chris Matheson did some rewrites on the script.

with the voices cast, lines recorded and animation cells done, the film was ready for release on July 22, 1988, however late in 1987, Barnaby was arrested on charges of carrying Child pornography and sexual abuse charges dating back to the 70s plus affiliation with NAMBLA, he was fired and they were now needing a new director to finish the project, Carl Andy soon stepped in after hearing the news, Andy (whom had a history with the Astro Boy character dating back to 1963) was now faced the task of replacing Barnaby's credit to distance it away from the controversy, Andy first had to see the original rough cut, Andy was said to have hated the cut, criticizing the unnecessary use of profanity and the darker and somber tone, Andy said "This isn't Astro Boy, this is a Frank Miller comic", so Andy decided to re-edit the dialogue, cast returning for the new dialogue, animation scenes redone and a more emphasis on Electronic music, this forced Columbia to delay the film to November 4, 1988, Andy finally gained his director credit.

Original cut
the film originally ran 105 minutes and originally had minor swears, similar to The Transformers: The Movie another Bacal/Griffith production, after Andy stepped in, lines were rerecorded to soften the language to get a PG rating, despite this, the original cut somehow got released to theatres by Toho-Towa in Japan in English with Japanese subtitles despite being an animated film, however when RCA Columbia Pictures International Home Video released the film on VHS, it was the Andy recut dubbed in Japanese, in 2016, a print of the 105 minute cut was found in a former Toho employee's private collection and was finally officially released in 2018 as part of the Scream Factory Blu-ray.

Score
A Score album was released in 2018 by Intrada

Soundtrack
a Soundtrack was released before the movie

Tracklist

 * Black and Blue - Van Halen
 * Missionary Man - Eurythmics
 * Games of Power - Wang Chung
 * All Fired Up - Pat Benatar
 * Gods of Electronics - Taking Back Friday
 * This Side of Paradise - Ric Ocasek
 * What Kind of Man Would I Be? - Chicago
 * I Want You So Bad - Heart
 * I'm Bad - LL Cool J
 * Desperate Dreams - Survivor

Release
Astro Boy was released on November 4, 1988, the film marked Columbia's first Animated release since 1986's Care Bears Movie II: A New Generation and would be the last until 2001's Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within

Box Office
In the United States, Astro Boy failed at the box office grossing only $1.7 million compared to its $10 million budget, especially coming out before the more successful The Land Before Time, The film's failure prompted Columbia Pictures to stop working with Carl Andy, until the 2003 release of Calamity.

Critical Response
COMING SOON

Trivia

 * This is Andy's only fully animated film, the dub of Space Firebird had Live Action segments he directed.
 * Astro Boy creator Osamu Tezuka reportedly liked the film for respecting the source material even if it took some liberties

Home Media
Astro Boy was released on VHS on May 10, 1989 and despite the film's initial performance at the box office, the film sold more than 50,000 units during it's first weeks thanks to in part a successful promotional campaign by RCA/Columbia Pictures Home Video. by the Christmas season of 1989, 12 months after it's theatrical release, the sales doubled more than 200,000 units. in 1995, the film was once again released on VHS, this time in a widescreen presentation as part of Columbia TriStar's "Deluxe Widescreen" collection. A DVD followed in 2003.

In 2018, Scream Factory announced it was releasing the film on Blu-ray in a Collector's Edition to celebrate its 30th anniversary, the film was remastered from a 4K scan and featured deleted scenes, alternate takes and a roundtable discussion between the film's cast save for Ernest Borgnine who passed away in 2012 as well as a making of featurette detailing the film's development and troubles in regard to Jules Barnaby's involvement and his controversial decisions. also included was the obscure Early cut (known by fans as The Barnaby Cut) with hardcoded Japanese subtitles that was briefly released in Japanese theaters before being pulled. a former employee from Toho was able to retain a copy and gave it to Scream Factory for it's release. A 4K-Ultra HD is scheduled for release in 2023.