Sade (singer)

Helen Folasade Adu, CBE (Yoruba: Fọláṣadé Adú [fɔ̄láʃādé ādú]; born 16 January 1959), known professionally as Sade Adu or simply Sade (/ʃɑːˈdeɪ/ shah-DAY), is a British Nigerian singer, songwriter, and actress.

Born in Ibadan, Nigeria and brought up in Essex, England, Sade gained modest recognition as a fashion designer and part-time model, prior to joining the band Pride in the early 1980s. After gaining attention as a performer, she formed the band Sade, and secured a recording contract with Epic Records in 1983. The band then released the album Diamond Life a year later, which became one of the best selling albums of the era, and the best-selling debut ever by a British female vocalist. It also gained widespread critical acclaim and is largely considered one of the best albums of all-time.

Soon after, they released Promise (1985), which was also a resounding critical and commercial success, topping the UK Albums Chart and becoming the band's first album to debut atop the Billboard 200. It later earned quadruple platinum certification in the U.S., and reached platinum across Europe. It also earned the group the Grammy Award for Best New Artist in 1986. Their following two releases, 1988's Stronger Than Pride and 1992's Love Deluxe, were also critically and commercially successful; however, the band would go on hiatus after the birth of Sade's child, the singer would experience widespread media coverage during the period for unsubstantiated claims of mental healthand addiction issues.

After a spell of eight years without an album, which came after Sade appeared in the film Absolute Beginners (1986), the band reunited in 1999, and released Lovers Rock in 2000. The album departed from the jazz-inspired inflections of their previous work, featuring more mellow sounds and pop compositions, and was critically praised, earning the group the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album. The band would then undergo another term of hiatus, not producing music for another ten years until the release of Soldier of Love. The album was another commercial success, although critical reception remained divided, but won the group the Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. Following the album's release, the band entered a third period of hiatus, and have only released one new song (2018's “Flower of the Universe" for the soundtrack of Disney's A Wrinkle in Time) to date.[2]

Sade is widely considered a musical influence, and her contributions to music have made her a global figure in popular culture for over two decades. She has been credited as one of the most successful British female artists in history,[3]and her work is listed among the finest in modern jazz history.[4] Her services to music were also commemorated after being awarded the Officer of the Order of the British Empire chivalry honour in 2002.

Early life
Helen Folasade Adu was born on 16 January 1959 in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.[3] Her middle name, Folasade, means "honour confers a crown".[5] Her parents are Adebisi Adu, a Nigerian lecturer in economics of Yorubabackground, and Anne Hayes, an English district nurse; they met in London, married in 1955, and moved to Nigeria.[3][6] When Sade was four years old, her parents separated. Anne Hayes then returned to England, taking Sade and older brother Banji with her to live with their grandparents near Colchester, Essex.[7]When Sade was 11 years old, she moved to Holland-on-Sea, Essex, to live with her mother.[8] After completing her education at Clacton County High School at age 18, she moved to London and studied fashion design at Saint Martin's School of Art.[3][7][9]

1980–1984: Beginnings and Diamond Life
After completing a three-year course work in fashion design, and later modeling briefly, Sade began backup singing with British band Pride. During this time, she formed a songwriting partnership with Pride's guitarist/saxophonist Stuart Matthewman; together, backed by Pride's rhythm section, they began doing their own sets at Pride gigs.[10] Her solo performances of the song "Smooth Operator" attracted the attention of record companies, and in 1983 Sade and Matthewman split from Pride, along with keyboardist Andrew Hale, bassist Paul Denman and drummer Paul Cook, to form the band Sade.[3][10] By the time she performed her first show at London's Heaven nightclub, she had become so popular that 1,000 people were turned away at the door.[6] In May 1983, Sade performed their first US show at the Danceteria nightclub in New York City. On 18 October 1983, Sade Adu signed with Epic Records, while the rest of the band signed in 1984.[11]

Following the record deal, the group began recording their debut album, Diamond Life, which took six weeks to record and was recorded entirely at The Power Plant in London.[12] Diamond Life was released on 16 July 1984, reached number two in the UK Album Chart, sold over 1.2 million copies in the UK, and won the Brit Award for Best British Album in 1985.[13] The album was also a hit internationally, reaching number one in several countries and the top ten in the US, where it has sold in excess of four million copies. Diamond Life had international sales of over six million copies, becoming one of the top-selling debut recordings of the '80s, and the best-selling debut ever by a British female vocalist.[10]

"Your Love Is King" was released as the album's lead single on 25 February 1984 and was a success in European territories, charting at number seven in Ireland and number six on the UK Singles Chart.[14][15] The song was less successful in the US, where it peaked at number 54 on the US Billboard Hot 100.[16] The third single, "Smooth Operator", was released on 15 September 1984 and became the most successful song in the US from the album Diamond Life. The track peaked at number five on the US Billboard Hot 100 and the US Billboard Hot Black Singles, as well as peaking at number one on the US Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.[17] In Europe the song fared well, peaking at number 19 in the UK,[18] and reaching the top 20 in Austria, Switzerland, France and Germany.[19]

1985–2000: Continued success and first hiatus
In late 1985, the band released their second album, Promise, which peaked at number one in both the UK and the US[20][21] and became the band's first album to reach number one on the US Billboard 200. The album topped the chart in 1986 and spent two weeks at the peak position.[22] Eventually, the album went on to sell four million copies in the region and was certified four times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[23] The album spawned two singles "Never as Good as the First Time" and "The Sweetest Taboo," the latter of which was released as the album's lead single and stayed on the US Hot 100 for six months.[24] "The Sweetest Taboo" peaked at number five on the US Billboard Hot 100, number one on the US adult Contemporary chart, and number three on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.[25] Sade was so popular that some radio stations reinstated the '70s practice of playing album tracks, adding "Is It a Crime" and "Tar Baby" to their playlists.[24] The following year, 1986, the band won a Grammy Award for Best New Artist.[26]

In 1986, Sade made her acting debut in Absolute Beginners, a film adapted from the Colin MacInnes book of the same name about life in late-1950s London. Sade played the role of Athene Duncannon and lent her vocals to the film's accompanying soundtrack.[27] The film was screened out of competition at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival and grossed £1.8 million in the UK.[28] Sade's third album, Stronger Than Pride, was released on 3 May 1988, and like Sade's previous album became a commercial success and certified three times platinum in the US.[23] The album was popularized by four singles, most notably the album's second single "Paradise", which peaked at number 16 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and peaked at number one on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, becoming the band's first single to do so.[29]

Love Deluxe was released as the band's fourth studio album on 26 October 1992. The album peaked at number three on the US Billboard 200[30] and has sold 3.4 million copies in the United States.[31] The album was later certified four times platinum by the RIAA for shipments of four million copies.[32] The album was also commercially successful elsewhere, reaching number-one in France,[33] and reaching the top ten in New Zealand,[34] Sweden,[35]Switzerland[36] and the UK.[37] The album went on to be certified gold in the United Kingdom. In November 1994, the group released their first compilation album, The Best of Sade. The album was another top ten hit in both the United Kingdom and the United States,[38] certified platinum and four times platinum, respectively.[39] The compilation album included material from Sade's previous albums, as well as a cover version of "Please Send Me Someone to Love" (1950), originally by Percy Mayfield.[40]

2000–2010: Lovers Rock and second hiatus
Following an eight-year hiatus, the band released their fifth studio album, Lovers Rock, on 13 November 2000 and received positive reviews from music critics.[41]The album reached number 18 on the UK Albums Chart, number three on the US Billboard 200, and has since been certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA),[42] having sold 3.9 million copies in the United States by February 2010.[43] On 27 February 2002, the album earned Sade the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album,[44] and the lead single "By Your Side" was nominated for the 2002 Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Although the single lost out to Nelly Furtado's "I'm Like a Bird", it has been listed as the 48th greatest love song of all time by VH1.[45]

To promote the album, Sade and the band embarked on their fifth concert tour entitled Lovers Rock Tour. The tour was announced via the band's website in April 2001.[46] The announcement stated the tour would begin in the summer of 2001 with 30 shows. Initial dates were rescheduled due to extended rehearsal time. The shows sold well, with many stops adding additional shows. In August 2001, the tour was extended by eight weeks due to ticket demand.[47] Deemed by many critics as a comeback tour, it marked the band's first performances since 1994 and took place in 2001. Although many believed the trek would expand to other countries, this did not occur. With over 40 shows, it became the 13th biggest tour in North America, earning over 26 million.[48]

Following the tour, the band released their first live album, Lovers Live on 5 February 2002 by Epic Records. Lovers Live reached number ten on the US Billboard 200 and number 51 on the UK Albums Chart, the band's first album to miss the top twenty in the UK. The album was certified gold by the RIAA on 7 March 2002, having reached US sales of 562,000 copies,[49] while the DVD was certified platinum on 30 January 2003 for shipping 100,000 copies.

Following the release of Lovers Rock, Sade took a ten-year hiatus, during which she raised her son and moved to the Caribbean. During this time, she made a rare public appearance for an award ceremony that took place in 2002 to accept an Order of the British Empire (OBE) at Buckingham Palace for services to music.[50] In 2002, she appeared on the Red Hot Organization album, Red Hot + Riot, a compilation CD in tribute to the music of fellow Nigerian musician, Fela Kuti. She recorded a remix of her hit single "By Your Side" for the album and was billed as a co-producer.

2010–present: Soldier of Love, third hiatus and return
The band's sixth studio album, Soldier of Love, was released worldwide on 8 February 2010 and was the most recent album in ten years to contain new material.[7] Upon release, the album received positive reviews and became a success.[51] The album debuted atop the Billboard 200 in the United States with first-week sales of 502,000 copies. Soldier of Love became the band's first album to debut at number-one and the band's second album to peak at number-one on the chart. The album also had the best sales week by a group since Australian band AC/DC released their album Black Ice and entered the Billboard200 at number-one in November 2008.[22] Consequently, the band became the act with the longest hiatus between number-one albums, as the band's Promise(1985) and Soldier of Love were separated by 24 years, 10 months and 2 weeks.[52]

The first single and title track, "Soldier of Love", premiered on US radio on 8 December 2009[53][54] and was released digitally on 11 January 2010.[55]Subsequent singles, "Babyfather" and "The Moon and the Sky", were played by US urban adult contemporary radio on 13 April and 24 August 2010, respectively.[56][57] At the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards in 2011, the title track won Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals, while the song, "Babyfather", was nominated for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals.[58]

In April 2011, the band began their Sade Live tour (also known as the "Once in a Lifetime Tour" or the "Soldier of Love Tour").[59] The band toured Europe, the Americas, Australia and Asia to promote the band's sixth studio album and their second compilation album, The Ultimate Collection (2011). This trek marked the band's first tour in nearly a decade and[60] ranked 27th in Pollstar's "Top 50 Worldwide Tour (Mid-Year)", earning over 20 million dollars.[61] At the conclusion of 2011, the tour placed tenth on Billboard's annual "Top 25 Tours", earning over $50 million with 59 shows.[62] The tour was chronicled with Bring Me Home - Live 2011, released in May, 2012.

In March 2018, she (and the reunited band that also bears her name) released the acoustic ballad "Flower of the Universe" for the soundtrack to the Disney film A Wrinkle In Time. About asking Sade to contribute to the album, director Ava DuVernay wrote "I never thought she'd say yes, but asked anyway."[63] Later that year, Sade released "The Big Unknown" for the soundtrack to the 20th Century Fox film Widows. That film's director, Steve McQueen stated that Sade agreed to write the song for the film, because "the original series of Widows had deeply resonated with her."[64] The successor to Soldier of Love is in the works.[65]

Legacy and impact
The New Yorker described Sade's voice as a "grainy contralto full of air that betrays a slight ache but no agony, and values even imperfect dignity over a show of pain", a "deeply English" quality that makes categorizing the artist's voice difficult.[66] Her voice was described by the BBC as "husky and restrained" and compared to singer Billie Holiday. BBC called her songwriting "sufficiently soulful and jazzy yet poppy, funky yet easy listening, to appeal to fans of all those genres."[67] Sade has been called a "pop star".[66] With the musicians in her band, Sade, The New Yorker wrote, "created one of the most profitable catalogues in pop"; the band's "easy" sound backing songs "exploring the heavier lifting inside love: commitment, consistency, friendship."[66] Her success has been attributed to a combination of her unique beauty, seemingly indefinable origins, and mysterious persona.[66]

Sade's work has influenced and been recognized by many singers and hip hop artists. Rapper Rakim of Eric B. & Rakim stated he grew up listening to Sade's music and was influenced by her voice and style. Rakim has also referenced Sade's song "Smooth Operator" in his rap song "Paid in Full" (1987).[68] Talib Kweli stated he learned about precision from Sade due to her performance of Love Deluxe in its entirety at Madison Square Garden.[68] Rapper Missy Elliottcited Sade's performance of "Smooth Operator" as one of her favourites. Hip hop group Souls of Mischief stated they grew up listening to Sade's music.[68]Hip hop group Tanya Morgan also described Sade as one of their favorite artists.[68] Other rappers to recognize Sade include the former rap-duo of Clipse– Malice and Pusha.[68] In reaction to the newly released album Soldier of Love, rapper Kanye West wrote, "This is why i still have a blog. To be a part of moments like this ... new Sade ... How much better this ... than everything else?".[68] Rapper Rick Ross stated in an interview that "People may know my infatuation with Sade. There's never been a bad Sade track. I love all different sides."[69]

American singer Beyoncé called Sade's music a "true friend" and an inspiration.[70] The late singer Aaliyah said that she admired Sade because "she stays true to her style no matter what... she's an amazing artist, an amazing performer... and I absolutely love her."[71] American R&B singer Brandy has cited Sade as one of her major vocal influences.[72] Kelly Rowland stated she is inspired by Sade Adu and says that "she has a style that's totally her own."[73][74]

Personal life
Sade squatted in Wood Green, North London, in the 1980s, with her then-boyfriend writer Robert Elms.[75] In 1989, she married film director Carlos Pliego. Their marriage ended in 1995.[3] Sade moved briefly to the Caribbean to live with Jamaican music producer Bob Morgan in the late-1990s, but they later separated.[3] During her relationship with Morgan, Sade gave birth to Mickailia, now known as Izaak, on 21 July 1996. Sade has been in a relationship with a former Royal Marine since 2007, and from this relationship she has a stepson. Morgan has nothing to do with their child. In 2016 on National Coming Out Day, Izaak came out as transgender and is no longer known as Mickailia.[76][77]

In 2005, Sade moved to Gloucestershire. In the countryside where she bought a run-down cottage to renovate.[6] Prior to the release of Soldier of Love in 2010, the Daily Mail described her as "famously reclusive".[78] Sade rarely grants interviews.

Honours, awards and nominations
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Sade

Sade was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2002 for services to music, and stated her award was "a great gesture to me and all black women in England".[79] She was promoted to Commander of the same Order(CBE) in the 2017 Birthday Honours, also for services to music.[80]

Discography
Main article: Sade discography

Studio albums

 * 1984: Diamond Life
 * 1985: Promise
 * 1988: Stronger Than Pride
 * 1992: Love Deluxe
 * 2000: Lovers Rock
 * 2010: Soldier of Love

Tours

 * 1984: Diamond Life Tour
 * 1986: Promise Tour
 * 1988: Stronger Than Pride Tour
 * 1993: Love Deluxe World Tour
 * 2001: Lovers Rock Tour
 * 2011: Sade Live